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<h1>
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Rename columns in pandas
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</h1>
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<ol class="breadcrumb">
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<time class="published" datetime="2019-08-03T08:11:00+02:00">
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03 août 2019
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</time>
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</li>
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<li>Python</li>
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<li>Data Wrangling</li>
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</header>
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<div class='article_content'>
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<p>In this article, we will be renaming columns in a pandas dataframe.
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First, let's import pandas and create an example dataframe</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Import modules</span>
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<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pandas</span> <span class="kn">as</span> <span class="nn">pd</span>
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</pre></div>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Example dataframe</span>
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<span class="n">raw_data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">'fruit'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Banana'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Orange'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Apple'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'lemon'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"lime"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"plum"</span><span class="p">],</span>
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<span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'orange'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'red'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"green"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"purple"</span><span class="p">],</span>
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<span class="s1">'kcal'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">89</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">47</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">52</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">28</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="n">df</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DataFrame</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">raw_data</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">columns</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'fruit'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'kcal'</span><span class="p">])</span>
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<span class="n">df</span>
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</pre></div>
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<div>
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<style scoped>
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.dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
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vertical-align: middle;
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}
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.dataframe tbody tr th {
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.dataframe thead th {
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text-align: right;
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}
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</style>
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<table border="1" class="dataframe">
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<thead>
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<tr style="text-align: right;">
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<th></th>
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<th>fruit</th>
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<th>color</th>
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<th>kcal</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<th>0</th>
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<td>Banana</td>
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<td>yellow</td>
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<td>89</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>1</th>
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<td>Orange</td>
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<td>orange</td>
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<td>47</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>2</th>
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<td>Apple</td>
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<td>red</td>
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<td>52</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>3</th>
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<td>lemon</td>
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<td>yellow</td>
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<td>15</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>4</th>
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<td>lime</td>
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<td>green</td>
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<td>30</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>5</th>
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<td>plum</td>
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<td>purple</td>
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<td>28</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>The most flexible method for renaming columns in pandas is the rename method. It takes a dictornnary as an argument where :
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* the keys are the old names
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* the values are the new names
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you also need to specify the axis.</p>
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<p>This method can be used to rename either one or multiple columns</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">df</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">df</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rename</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s2">"fruit"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"produce"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"kcal"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"energy"</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"columns"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="n">df</span>
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</pre></div>
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<div>
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<style scoped>
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.dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
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}
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.dataframe thead th {
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}
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</style>
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<table border="1" class="dataframe">
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<thead>
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<tr style="text-align: right;">
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<th></th>
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<th>produce</th>
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<th>color</th>
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<th>energy</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<th>0</th>
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<td>Banana</td>
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<td>yellow</td>
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<td>89</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>1</th>
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<td>Orange</td>
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<td>orange</td>
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<td>47</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>2</th>
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<td>Apple</td>
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<td>red</td>
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<td>52</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>3</th>
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<td>lemon</td>
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<td>yellow</td>
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<td>15</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>4</th>
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<td>lime</td>
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<td>green</td>
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<td>30</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>5</th>
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<td>plum</td>
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<td>purple</td>
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<td>28</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>If you want to rename all the columns at once, a common method is to rewrite the columns attribute of the dataframe</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">df</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">columns</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"nice fruit"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"bright color"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"light kcal"</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="n">df</span>
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</pre></div>
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<div>
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<style scoped>
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.dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
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vertical-align: middle;
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}
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.dataframe tbody tr th {
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vertical-align: top;
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}
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.dataframe thead th {
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text-align: right;
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}
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</style>
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<table border="1" class="dataframe">
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<thead>
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<tr style="text-align: right;">
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<th></th>
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<th>nice fruit</th>
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<th>bright color</th>
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<th>light kcal</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<th>0</th>
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<td>Banana</td>
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<td>yellow</td>
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<td>89</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>1</th>
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<td>Orange</td>
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<td>orange</td>
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<td>47</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>2</th>
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<td>Apple</td>
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<td>red</td>
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<td>52</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>3</th>
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<td>lemon</td>
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<td>yellow</td>
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<td>15</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>4</th>
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<td>lime</td>
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<td>green</td>
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<td>30</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>5</th>
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<td>plum</td>
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<td>purple</td>
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<td>28</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>If the only thing you are doing is replacing a space with an underscore, an even better method is to use the str.replace method since you don't have to type all the column names</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">df</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">columns</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">df</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">columns</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">str</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">" "</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"_"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="n">df</span>
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</pre></div>
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<div>
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<style scoped>
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.dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
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vertical-align: middle;
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}
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.dataframe tbody tr th {
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vertical-align: top;
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}
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.dataframe thead th {
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text-align: right;
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}
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</style>
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<table border="1" class="dataframe">
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<thead>
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<tr style="text-align: right;">
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<th></th>
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<th>nice_fruit</th>
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<th>bright_color</th>
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<th>light_kcal</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<th>0</th>
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<td>Banana</td>
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<td>yellow</td>
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<td>89</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>1</th>
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<td>Orange</td>
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<td>orange</td>
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<td>47</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>2</th>
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<td>Apple</td>
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<td>red</td>
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<td>52</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>3</th>
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<td>lemon</td>
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<td>yellow</td>
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<td>15</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>4</th>
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<td>lime</td>
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<td>green</td>
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<td>30</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>5</th>
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<td>plum</td>
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<td>purple</td>
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<td>28</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>Similarly, you can use other str methods such as :
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* capitalize : in order to converts first character to capital letter
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* lower : in order to have lowercase column names
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* upper : in order to have uppercase column names
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* etc.</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">df</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">columns</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">df</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">columns</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">str</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capitalize</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="n">df</span>
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</pre></div>
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<div>
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<style scoped>
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.dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
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vertical-align: middle;
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}
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.dataframe tbody tr th {
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vertical-align: top;
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}
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.dataframe thead th {
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text-align: right;
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}
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</style>
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<table border="1" class="dataframe">
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<thead>
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<tr style="text-align: right;">
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<th></th>
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<th>Nice_fruit</th>
|
|
<th>Bright_color</th>
|
|
<th>Light_kcal</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>0</th>
|
|
<td>Banana</td>
|
|
<td>yellow</td>
|
|
<td>89</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>1</th>
|
|
<td>Orange</td>
|
|
<td>orange</td>
|
|
<td>47</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>2</th>
|
|
<td>Apple</td>
|
|
<td>red</td>
|
|
<td>52</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>3</th>
|
|
<td>lemon</td>
|
|
<td>yellow</td>
|
|
<td>15</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>4</th>
|
|
<td>lime</td>
|
|
<td>green</td>
|
|
<td>30</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>5</th>
|
|
<td>plum</td>
|
|
<td>purple</td>
|
|
<td>28</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<p>Finaly, if you only need to add a prefix or a suffix to the columns, you can use the add_prefix method</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">df</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_prefix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"pre_"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<style scoped>
|
|
.dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
|
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vertical-align: middle;
|
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}
|
|
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.dataframe tbody tr th {
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vertical-align: top;
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}
|
|
|
|
.dataframe thead th {
|
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text-align: right;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<table border="1" class="dataframe">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr style="text-align: right;">
|
|
<th></th>
|
|
<th>pre_Nice_fruit</th>
|
|
<th>pre_Bright_color</th>
|
|
<th>pre_Light_kcal</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>0</th>
|
|
<td>Banana</td>
|
|
<td>yellow</td>
|
|
<td>89</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>1</th>
|
|
<td>Orange</td>
|
|
<td>orange</td>
|
|
<td>47</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>2</th>
|
|
<td>Apple</td>
|
|
<td>red</td>
|
|
<td>52</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>3</th>
|
|
<td>lemon</td>
|
|
<td>yellow</td>
|
|
<td>15</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>4</th>
|
|
<td>lime</td>
|
|
<td>green</td>
|
|
<td>30</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>5</th>
|
|
<td>plum</td>
|
|
<td>purple</td>
|
|
<td>28</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<p>or the add_suffix method</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">df</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_suffix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"_post"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
<style scoped>
|
|
.dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
|
|
vertical-align: middle;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.dataframe tbody tr th {
|
|
vertical-align: top;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.dataframe thead th {
|
|
text-align: right;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<table border="1" class="dataframe">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr style="text-align: right;">
|
|
<th></th>
|
|
<th>Nice_fruit_post</th>
|
|
<th>Bright_color_post</th>
|
|
<th>Light_kcal_post</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>0</th>
|
|
<td>Banana</td>
|
|
<td>yellow</td>
|
|
<td>89</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>1</th>
|
|
<td>Orange</td>
|
|
<td>orange</td>
|
|
<td>47</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>2</th>
|
|
<td>Apple</td>
|
|
<td>red</td>
|
|
<td>52</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>3</th>
|
|
<td>lemon</td>
|
|
<td>yellow</td>
|
|
<td>15</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>4</th>
|
|
<td>lime</td>
|
|
<td>green</td>
|
|
<td>30</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>5</th>
|
|
<td>plum</td>
|
|
<td>purple</td>
|
|
<td>28</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<aside>
|
|
<div class="bug-reporting__panel">
|
|
<h3>Find an error or bug? Have a suggestion?</h3>
|
|
<p>Everything on this site is avaliable on GitHub. Head on over and <a href='https://github.com/redoules/redoules.github.io/issues/new'>submit an issue.</a> You can also message me directly by <a href='mailto:guillaume.redoules@gadz.org'>email</a>.</p>
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</div>
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</aside>
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</section>
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<center>This project contains 105 pages and is available on <a href="https://github.com/redoules/redoules.github.io">GitHub</a>.
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<br/>
|
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Copyright © Guillaume Redoulès,
|
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<time datetime="2018">2018</time>.
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